B-4.+Fascist+Beliefs+&+Policies;+Leaders+Rise+to+Power

FASCIST BELIEFS & CHARACTERISTICS

A Fascist is a person that is loyal to their state, and their leader is in full control of them. Most fascist people shared several ideas, they strongly believed in nationalism. They were loyal to an authoritarian leader who opposed individual freedom. These leaders organized and structured their nation. In each nation fascists would wear the same color uniforms, and held mass rallies. The people had a dictator that only allowed its political party. They did not believe in individual rights what so ever. Fascists believed that each class in society had its own region and function. These parties were mostly made up of the middle class, aristocrats, and industrialists.
 * Who is a Fascist?**

**What was the new militant political movement that rose in Europe in response to the unstable economy and weak democracies?**    In 1919, Benito Mussolini formed the Fascist Party, which got rid of both capitalism and socialism as well as democratic government for a strong form of nationalism. Once in power, Mussolini eliminated his enemies, issued a stream of nationalist propaganda, and began a strict program of government-directed economic programs.   Cultural characteristics of fascism are censorship, indoctrination, secret police, and military. Social aspects were supported by the middle class land owners. Some economic attributes were economic function, controlled by state, and corporations of state. Political characteristics were that their parties were mostly nationalist, racist and they believed in one party rule. Some countries who went by these were Italy, Germany, and Spain.
 * List and explain the characteristics of fascism that helped make it an authoritarian state in relevance to its economy, government politics, and the structure of society.**

Politically in Italy Mussolini only allowed people to have fascist parties, any other parties were outlawed. He completely got rid of democracy during his time ruling. Mussolini had secret police who jailed any of his opponents. Italy did not use Nazism, however Hitler did to rule Germany as a fascist dictator. Hitler was against Jews and forced them to go to camps or make them live all together. He also banned any other types of parties. He had a group called the SS kill all his enemies. Hitler banned strikes and got rid of independent labor unions. Making Germany a totalitarian state. Francisco Franco became ruler of Spain in 1936, he became head of their dictatorship government. Then he realized that in order to gain the support of the middle classes, he needed a regular civil structure. His reign was different than that of Italy and Germany because it became an authoritarian system. In 1947 there was no people opposing his rule, Franco ended his police power and turned to a well developed economic system. Spain eventually became a constitutional monarchy,
 * Provide examples of how this political unit was used in Germany, Italy, and Spain. Be sure to include their leaders and organization**.

GOVERNMENT POLICIES Most fascist leaders ruled in an authoritarian state. In this state you can choose your religion as long as it does not interfere with the government. This gives people more freedom. The people favored nationalism beyond all things, but they did have one supreme ruler. Some of these rulers were racist, (they believed in Nazism), they wanted to get rid of democracy and form a totalitarian state.



FASCIST LEADERS

 =__Mussolini rises to power__= In 1919, Benito Mussolini founded the Italian fascist party. He wanted to have democracy overthrown by the 1920's in southern and central Europe. He promised to rebuild Italy's economy and military. He also guaranteed them he would be a strong and powerful leader. In 1922, Benito took total control over Italy. In his early life, Mussolini was a newspaper editor and politician. This gave him the quality of being great persuasive speaker. State terror and propaganda were two factors that Mussolini loved to use to win the support of peasants. He played off peoples fear and used it to help him. Using these tactics he won the support of the middle class, aristocracy, and industrial leaders in Italy in the 1920's. When World War II began, Mussolini was on the Nazi Germany side, and made Italy a big target for attacks from the allies. Eventually, this led to his downfall in 1943. = = =__Adolf Hitler unites with Germany__= In the mid 1920's, Adolf Hitler was just a little-known political leader. People knew he was more than that after he joined the German Army. He was honored with the Iron Cross twice and a bravery medal. He was inspired by Mussolini's march on Rome. In 1919 Hitler joined a small right wing political group. This group shared the belief that Germany had to topple the Treaty of Versailles and end communism. The groups official name was The National Socialist German Workers' Party, otherwise known as "Nazis". Hitlers' speaking and organizing skills led him to be the leader of the Nazi party. Hitler was head of the party from 1930 to 1945.

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